https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/issue/feed Journal of Data Science, Informetrics, and Citation Studies 2026-01-07T05:31:15+00:00 Dr. Anup Kumar Das editor@jcitation.org Open Journal Systems <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Journal of Data Science, Informetrics, and Citation Studies (J Data Sci. Info. Citation Studies) ISSN: 2583-5440 </strong>(Online) is an open-access journal that publishes peer-reviewed articles online. It is peer-reviewed in a double-blind manner. The journal welcomes empirical and theoretical contributions that contribute to the advancement of research in Data Science, Data Analytics, Policy Studies, Scientometrics, Informetrics, Bibliometrics, Altmetrics, Webometrics, and Research Evaluation.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The journal publishes articles in all of scientometrics' subfields, including patent studies (techometrics) and web-based studies (webometrics). Additionally, it publishes articles that analyse country/regional/sectoral/sectoral research, innovation, and entrepreneurial ecosystems using science-technology-innovation indicators. We encourage submissions in areas of contemporary interest such as open science, new tools and techniques, including novel approaches to information retrieval, metrics, and novel forms of publication. </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The journal accepts articles in a variety of categories, which are highlighted below: </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Data Science, Data Analytics, Policy Studies, Scientometrics, Informetrics, Bibliometrics, Altmetrics, Webometrics, and Research Evaluation.</p> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Triannual (3 issues per year)<br /><strong>Editor-in-Chief:</strong> Dr. Anup Kumar Das, Ph.D<br /><strong>ISSN:</strong> 2583-5440 (Online)<br /><strong>Open Access Journal:</strong> J Data Sci. Information Citation Studies is an open access journal that allows authors to self-fund the publication of their article.</p> https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/221 Transforming Information and Learning Resource Centres (ILRCs) with Immersive Technologies for the Future of Learning 2025-08-25T14:50:18+00:00 Beeresh N Gundur beeresh.isro@gmail.com Duragappa durageshbpt@gmail.com Manjunath Kaddipujar manjunathdk87@gmail.com <p style="text-align: justify;">Immersive technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR) and Extended Reality (XR) have the potential to change the ILRCs ecosystem in a big way. These technologies connect the digital and the physical world and make it possible for ILRCs to provide engaging, interactive, and tailored learning experiences. In this paper, the authors discuss how ILRCs are becoming places where innovations, inclusivity, and engagement are visible and how these technologies have the potential to improve educational services, engage the community, and increase access to resources despite the challenges that include high costs and limited access. Also, a SWOT analysis is given to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of immersive technologies in the ILRCs context. Some directions for future research are also given to focus upon. This paper presents a conceptual framework within which ILRCs can plan the integration of immersive technologies in the transformation of information access and learning in the future.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Beeresh N Gundur, Duragappa, Manjunath Kaddipujar https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/261 Artificial Intelligence in Radiology: Global Research Trends and Insights (2000-2025) 2025-12-05T15:08:05+00:00 Mohammed Awadallah Musa Ahmed mawadalla@iau.edu.sa Esameldeen Babikir ebabikir@uob.edu.bh <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background and Objectives: </strong>Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in radiology are crucial for assisting radiologists in detecting abnormal findings in imaging examinations and reaching a diagnosis. Hence, this study conducted a bibliometric analysis to uncover global research trends on AI applications in radiology,</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methodology:</strong> An electronic search of the Scopus database was conducted on May 02, 2025, using specific keywords to retrieve documents on AI applications in radiology. The search specifically targeted documents published over 26 years, from January 2000 to May 2025. The collected data were downloaded as a plain text file and analyzed using RStudio 2024.12.1, Bibliometrix (biblioshiny), and the Visualization of Similarities (VOS) viewer software (version 1.6.20). The "Article" type documents published in English were included.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Results:</strong> 12,139 research documents on AI applications in radiology were published by global researchers, with a peak publication count in 2024. The University of California, United States, is the leading contributor with 788 documents. Saba L. and Suri JS had 37 publications. China was the most productive country with 3,443 research documents, while the United States published 3,145 documents but showed the highest citation count (n=98,928). The strongest collaboration was found between China and the United States, with 415 research documents.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The publication of AI applications in radiology has improved extensively since 2018 and is expected to peak in 2024. Global researchers can further progress their affinity for AI in radiology by producing additional high-quality research documents in the future. Further, expanding international research collaboration networks across various countries is warranted.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Mohammed Ahmed, Esameldeen Babikir https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/186 Author Productivity and Lotka’s Law in Nursing Research Output as Mirrored in the Nursing Journal of India, 2010-2024 2025-10-29T12:12:16+00:00 Susanta Koley shayanikoley.2013@gmail.com <p style="text-align: justify;">Lotka’s law is one of the empirical laws in bibliometric research. Present study analysis 661 research articles (excluding 3 Hindi versions) from 15 volumes (2010-2024) of the Nursing Journal of India which were produced by 1412 authors. The study highlights trends in research output distribution, authorship patterns, collaboration degrees, collaborative indices, year wise author productivity, and identifies leading contributors. In 2015, 47 papers were produced by 80 authors, which resulted in the highest author productivity at 0.58 papers per author. Overall productivity per author for the entire period is calculated at 0.47, with a total author productivity 1412 for 661 outputs, reflecting a healthy contribution of authors throughout the years. The highest number of papers belongs to single-authored, with a total of 321 papers produced by 321 individual authors. There are 1411 personal authors and 1 corporate author. Among leading collaborators, Latha Venkatesan emerged as the most prolific author, having published 11 papers during the period. In all, DC and CI for the data set of this study come out to be 0.5143 and 2.1361 respectively. This study examines validation of Lotka’s Law considering author productivity for the data set in nursing research output. It explores variations in Lotka’s Law using the Lotka’s exponent value of n=3.4 (calculated through Sen’s method) and n=2 (for the ideal case, as per Lotka’s method). A significant gap was observed between the expected [Y(E)] and observed values [Y(O)] with n=2, showing that the difference of 1.4 between the two values indicates a noticeable divergence. The analysis concludes that Lotka’s Law holds with an exponent of n=3.4 in nursing, contrasting with the lower exponent of n=2 used in exact sciences. This suggests that nursing research has fewer authors contributing multiple articles, which leads to a higher n value compared to the exact sciences. Thus, the observed distance highlights that Lotka's Law does not align well with the nursing literature for this dataset when applying n=2 (the ideal value according to Lotka).</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Susanta Koley https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/188 Thirty-Five Years of Research on Climate Change, Sustainability, and Emergency Management: A Scientometric and Visualization Approach 2025-10-29T12:02:47+00:00 Muthuraj Anbalagan muthurajmphilbdu@yahoo.com <p style="text-align: justify;">This paper examines publications on Climate Change, Sustainability, and Emergency Management. The publication data were retrieved from the Web of Science Database as of December 31st, 2023. The study period spans from 1988 to 2023, covering 26 years of cited research publications. A total of 5,777 cited research publications were extracted and analysed across various categories. The bibliometrix package (R-4.3.1 for Windows) and the biblioshiny app were utilized for data analysis, while VOSviewer 1.6.19 was used for network analysis. The study aims to analyse the annual scientific production and impact, the top ten most productive authors, the top ten authors' research impacts, the top ten affiliations, the top ten most productive countries and their impact, the top ten countries by corresponding authors, the top ten journals and their impact, the top five journals' production over time, and the top ten highly cited research papers. It was found that 5,777 cited research publications were published from 2,301 sources. Notably, WANG Y has authored 59 research papers in the field of climate change, sustainability, and emergency management. Beijing Normal Univ has contributed 189 research publications. Furthermore, the United States of America has contributed 5,463 research articles and received the highest number of 42,004 total citations. The International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction has published the highest number of articles (190) with an h-index of 29 and a g-index of 41, receiving 3,112 total citations since its inception in 2012.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Muthuraj Anbalagan https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/202 Research Output and Impact in Data Science and Informetrics: A Bibliometric Study of JDSICS (2022–2024) 2025-07-21T11:01:15+00:00 Debdas Mondal research.libraryscience24@gmail.com <p style="text-align: justify;">This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the Journal of Data Science, Informetrics, and Citation Studies (JDSICS) over the period 2022–2024. Using data collected from the journal's official website and verified through bibliographic databases, Google Scholar. A total of 57 research articles were examined across key indicators, including publication trends, authorship patterns, institutional affiliations, geographic distribution, major themes, and keyword usage. The results reveal a steady growth in publication output, with a significant increase in both the number of issues and articles published annually. Collaborative research dominates the authorship landscape, with two-author contributions being most frequent. India emerged as the leading contributor, accounting for over 85% of the total publications, followed by limited contributions from Pakistan, Iran, and Malaysia. Thematic analysis highlights bibliometrics, scientometrics, and subject-specific research mapping as the most explored areas, while keyword frequency further confirms the journal's focus on scholarly communication and research evaluation. The study concludes that JDSICS is gaining momentum as a vital platform for researchers in data science, informetrics, and citation studies, while also encouraging broader international participation and interdisciplinary engagement.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Debdas Mondal https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/205 Mapping Research Dimensions of IJPER Journal (2008-2024): A Bibliometric Study Using Scopus Data 2025-07-26T19:37:54+00:00 Madhu S madhu.rey24@gmail.com Pradeep H K pradeephk@gmipsr.ac.in Chaman Sab M chamansabm@gmail.com <p style="text-align: justify;">This bibliometric study assesses the research performance, collaboration patterns, and thematic evolution of the Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (IJPER) using Scopus data from 2008-2024. A total of 2,225 publications were analysed to evaluate growth trends, citation impact, authorship productivity, and institutional as well as international contributions. IJPER recorded a steady annual growth rate of 8.76%, with its most productive phase between 2016-2024 contributing 79.51% of total output. Collaborative authorship predominated (Degree of Collaboration=0.953), with three-authored papers accounting for 22.74% of publications. India contributed 1,599 papers (71.88%), followed by Saudi Arabia and Malaysia, indicating IJPER’s expanding international visibility. King Faisal University (221 papers) was the top contributing institution, and Nagaraja Sreeharsha was the most prolific author (42 papers). The most cited article (129 citations) focused on plant-based natural gums for novel drug delivery. Frequently used keywords antioxidant (62), validation (61), HPLC (54), and molecular docking (42) highlight the journal’s emphasis on analytical and formulation research. The study underscores IJPER’s growing scholarly influence and its significant role in fostering global collaboration and advancing pharmaceutical sciences.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Madhu S, Dr.Pradeep H K, Dr.Chaman Sab M https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/224 Bio-bibliometric Study of Gali Madhavi Latha, A Pioneering Female Geotechnical Engineer behind the World’s Highest Railway Bridge at Chenab 2025-08-26T06:51:03+00:00 Susanta Koley shayanikoley.2013@gmail.com <p style="text-align: justify;">This study aims to evaluate the scholarly impact of Dr. Gali Madhavi Latha, a prominent Indian female geotechnical engineer, through a technometric and bibliometric assessment. The objectives are to quantify her research productivity, collaboration patterns, and influence on geotechnical engineering. Publication data spanning 1998-2025 were sourced from Google Scholar and ResearchGate, validated, and analysed using standard scientometric indicators. The dataset comprises 200 publications, including 12 single-authored and 188 co-authored, with journal articles representing 56% of her output. A significant concentration of her work appears in Geotextiles and Geomembranes, Indian Geotechnical Journal, and International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering (together 40 papers). Peak productivity occurred between 2022 and 2025, averaging 7.14 papers per year, with a Productivity Coefficient of 0.68. She has collaborated extensively with T.G. Sitharam (23 joint publications). Her most cited work (1999) has 431 citations. Key metrics, including DC (0.94), CC (2.32), and MCC (0.47), highlight her collaborative and scholarly influence. Validation of Lotka’s and Bradford’s laws further contextualizes her contributions. This study demonstrates Dr. Latha’s sustained, high-impact research, bridging experimental, analytical, and applied geotechnical engineering, underscoring her prominence in both academic and practical engineering domains.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Susanta Koley https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/244 Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Highly Cited Papers from India on Academic Libraries Research during 2001-2024 2025-10-17T08:47:10+00:00 Brij Mohan Gupta bmgupta1@gmail.com Manoj Kumar Verma manojdlisbhu@gmail.com Mallikarjun Kappi mkmallikarjun@gmail.com Manorama Tripathi manoramatripathi2@yahoo.com Ghouse Modin Nabeesab Mamdapur ghouse@synthite.com <p style="text-align: justify;">Academic libraries are central to higher education, supporting teaching, learning, and research by providing access to diverse resources and promoting information literacy and community engagement. This study examines highly cited publications to identify key trends and focal areas in India’s academic library research. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database for the period 2001-2024 using a targeted keyword strategy. A total of 112 highly cited documents (each with six or more citations) were analyzed. The Bibliometrix package in R was used for quantitative analysis, and VOSviewer was employed for network visualization. Findings reveal growth in annual publications, evolving citation patterns, and the active contributions of leading countries, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords. This study provides valuable insights into India’s academic library research landscape and offers a framework to enhance scholarly quality and collaboration.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Brij Mohan Gupta, Manoj Kumar Verma, Mallikarjun Kappi, Manorama Tripathi, Ghouse Modin Nabeesab Mamdapur https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/247 Web Footprint of Charlie Chaplin: A Webometric Exploration of Online References and Cultural Memory 2025-10-17T09:10:16+00:00 Debdas Mondal research.libraryscience24@gmail.com <p style="text-align: justify;">This study examines the cultural and digital presence of Charlie Chaplin across various online platforms to assess his enduring relevance in the 21st century. The objective is to analyze how Chaplin’s legacy is represented and preserved in digital and scholarly environments. Data were collected from general search engines, academic databases, cultural archives, media platforms, and social media networks to map the distribution and nature of Chaplin-related content. Domain analysis revealed a predominance of commercial (.com) sources (46%), followed by nonprofit (.org), academic (.edu), and governmental (.gov) sites, indicating a balanced mix of popular and credible contributions. Keyword and thematic mapping highlighted recurring terms, including “Silent film,” “Modern Times,” “The Tramp,” “Political satire,” and “Cultural icon.” Quantitative findings showed 6,200 mentions in Google Scholar and 2,250 in Scopus, reflecting substantial academic engagement. On popular platforms, YouTube hosted over 18,000 videos, Twitter/X around 65,000 posts, Instagram approximately 40,000 posts, and TikTok about 12,000 clips, illustrating widespread cultural participation and reinterpretation. The study concludes that Chaplin’s presence spans academic, cultural, and popular spheres, demonstrating how digital media sustain historical figures through continuous visibility and interaction. His legacy endures as both a subject of scholarly inquiry and a focal point of global digital culture.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Debdas Mondal https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/249 Evidence from Unpaywall on Open Access Adoption among Indian Researchers 2025-10-05T15:42:15+00:00 Sana Zia sanazia04@gmail.com <p style="text-align: justify;">This study examines the patterns, trends and adoption of Open Access (OA) publishing among Indian researchers, with a focus on selected Indian Institute of Technology (IIT). Using publication data from Scopus and OA metadata from Unpaywall for the period 2020-2024, the analysis explores institution-wise outputs, OA evidence types, hosting platforms, licensing practices, OA versions and publication genres. Results indicate that Closed Access publications dominate across all institutions, although both Gold and Green OA show consistent growth. Publisher platforms emerge as the primary hosts, while Creative Commons (CC) licenses remain sparsely adopted. Most OA publications correspond to the final published version, with journal articles comprising over 99% of the OA corpus. Overall, IITs exhibit higher OA participation compared to the national average, yet fall short of global best practices in repository use, licensing transparency and preprint adoption. Strengthening institutional mandates and implementing supportive policies are crucial to enhance the visibility, accessibility and international impact of Indian research.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Sana Zia https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/250 Scientometric Portrait of Dr. S.V. Kamat: A Distinguished Defence and Material Scientist 2025-10-14T12:47:02+00:00 Anand R Sarode libsci.ars@bamu.ac.in Vaishali S Khaparde khapardevaishali@gmail.com <p align="justify">Dr. Samir V. Kamat, Secretary, Department of Defence Research &amp; Development (DDR&amp;D), and Chairman, DRDO, is a distinguished scientist and metallurgist known for his pioneering contributions to advanced materials and defence technologies. This scientometric study examines Dr. Kamat’s research output, impact, and collaboration patterns based on publications indexed in Scopus (1987–2022). His 192 publications, spanning 63 different sources, have received 4, 264 citations from 3, 364 citing documents, reflecting substantial scholarly recognition. His H-index of 35 in Scopus signifies a strong and sustained research impact. Collaborative research is evident, with 164 co-authors, and 13.2% international co-authorship, highlighting his global research engagement. The study explores publication productivity, authorship trends, keyword analysis, and research impact across multiple disciplines. These findings provide insights into Dr. Kamat’s contributions to defence science and technology in India and beyond.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Anand R Sarode, Vaishali S. Khaparde https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/260 Spatial Vulnerability in Weavers Settlement in India: A Bibliometric Study 2025-11-22T19:26:58+00:00 Ar. Nupur nupur.phd312pp22@spa.ac.in Mayank Mathur Mayank.mathur@spa.ac.in Ruchita Gupta ruchita.gupta@spa.ac.in <p style="text-align: justify;">Handloom weaving is a time-honored tradition in India. Once, all textile production relied solely on handlooms, but today it faces stiff competition from power looms in domestic and global markets. The Government of India, through various initiatives and programs under the Ministry of MSME and the Made in India campaign, is focusing on modernising the handloom sector and supporting weavers. They recognise the importance of promoting handloom at both national and international levels to maintain its market presence, given its unique, inimitable identity as a craft passed down through generations. This labour-intensive industry can contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and the 169 targets set by the United Nations. Studies from international journals, the International Labour Organisation, handloom census reports, and national journals reveal that handloom weaving workers are home-based workers, as noted in the fourth handloom census. This craft is a family tradition, typically practiced within homes. Weavers require more space than other home-based workers due to the need to set up looms. Women, part of the informal labour sector, also play a role in handloom production by preparing threads for weaving, often using kitchen space and thus compromising cooking areas. Researchers have not sufficiently addressed the spatial challenges faced by weavers, as the minimum area recommended by various government schemes does not accurately reflect their needs. As a result, they often have to manage with limited living and kitchen space. Weavers also face respiratory issues due to thread particles and inadequate ventilation within congested settlements, leading to PM2.5 and PM10 exposure. Overcrowding and lack of ventilation, especially in unplanned settlements of weavers, make them more vulnerable and bear the largest exposure burden to indoor air pollution. In urban areas, traffic congestion can occur when threads are straightened on roads, or children's play areas are restricted when this is done in parks, causing social vulnerability for children and traffic problems. Rural handloom weavers may be more disadvantaged than their urban counterparts in accessing raw materials and marketing their products. So, there is a need to have the spatial aspect as one of the parameters to study the vulnerability of handloom weavers, other than economic factors that impact the social, health, and environmental aspects.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Ar. Nupur, Mayank Mathur, Ruchita Gupta https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/251 Application of Artificial Intelligence in Social Sciences Research in India: A Bibliometric Analysis 2025-11-03T18:22:06+00:00 Shipra Awasthi shipranit@gmail.com Brij Mohan Gupta bmgupta1@gmail.com Raju Vaishya rajuvaishya@gmail.com Manorama Tripathi manoramatripathi2@yahoo.com <p style="text-align: justify;">This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the top 100 highly cited publications on the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in social sciences research in India during 2013-2024, retrieved from the Scopus database. The analysis reveals a steady annual growth rate of 13.42%, with the selected papers receiving an average of 101.2 citations per document, reflecting high scholarly impact. These publications originated from 394 authors across 73 sources, with nearly 40% resulting from international collaborations. Keyword co-occurrence and trend analyses highlight key thematic clusters, including data analytics, sentiment analysis, and social simulations, underscoring the growing interdisciplinarity between AI and social sciences. The citation structure indicates that the top 10 papers account for over half of all citations, signalling concentration of influence within a few high-impact works. The findings offer insights into India’s evolving research ecosystem, emphasizing collaborative, data-driven, and ethically grounded directions for future social science research powered by AI.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Shipra Awasthi , Brij Mohan Gupta, Raju Vaishya, Manorama Tripathi https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/236 Tracking Scientific Attention on Kaziranga National Park: A Bibliometric Study 2025-09-06T15:04:26+00:00 Pranjal Deka pranjalpriya3@gmail.com Mukut Sarmah drmsarmah@gmail.com <p style="text-align: justify;">Kaziranga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Assam, India, is renowned for its rich biodiversity. The park plays a significant role in wildlife conservation in Assam and India. The national park is divided into four ranges: Kohora, Bagori, Agaratoli, and Burhapahar. This park is home to a diverse range of wildlife. This study employs a bibliometric analysis of publications from 1993 to 2025, retrieved from the Web of Science database, to examine research trends, key contributors, and the thematic diversity of research on Kaziranga. The analysis reveals steady scholarly growth, with 44 documents authored by 156 researchers affiliated with leading institutions, including Tezpur University, the CSIR, India, and the University of Edinburgh. The research areas encompass local conservation efforts focused on the Big 5 species and ecological risks, as well as interdisciplinary themes such as paleoecology, geochemistry, and environmental history. Thematic mapping effectively highlights well-developed major themes, such as biodiversity and megafaunal extinction, niche-specialized topics, and emerging areas, indicating a dynamic and evolving research landscape in Kaziranga. The analysis emphasises Kaziranga's importance for ecological conservation and provides an overview of scholarly engagement with its exceptional environment across multiple contexts.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Pranjal Deka, Mukut Sarmah https://jcitation.org/index.php/jdscics/article/view/243 Webometric Analysis of Indian State Tourism Websites 2025-10-17T08:39:49+00:00 Ekta Singh singhekta247@pondiuni.ac.in Sibi P.S singhekta247@pondiuni.ac.in <p style="text-align: justify;">Official state tourism websites serve as primary sources of information for travelers. The digital presence maximizes their online visibility, provides appealing and uplifting content, and optimizes their online presence. Despite numerous studies on website usability and interaction features, a gap remains in comprehensively evaluating the state tourism websites in India. To analyze all 28 Indian state tourism websites, the current study utilizes webometric tools to collect data. The analysis incorporates metrics such as domain authority, page authority, Simple Web Impact Factor (SWIF), Google page rank, language accessibility, and social media presence. The results indicate substantial variation in website performance despite the widespread use of similar domain extensions, suggesting an overall homogeneity in URL structure but divergence in digital strength. Overall, the results demonstrate that the state's capacity to market and promote tourism in the digital age is closely tied to its online presence and multilingual accessibility. Lastly, the study highlights the practical and theoretical implications.</p> 2026-01-03T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Ekta Singh, Sibi P.S